Concepções e vivências da sexualidade e seus efeitos nas vidas de mulheres idosas / Conceptions and experiences of sexuality and the efects on the lives of elderly women / Concepciones y vivencias de la sexualidade y sus efectos em la vida de las mujeres mayores

Objetivo: desvelar os conceitos e percepções da sexualidade de mulheres idosas e os impactos em suas vidas. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo exploratório-descritivo, com onze entrevistadas, mulheres entre 60 e 80 anos de idade, usuárias de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, localizada no noroeste do Paraná. Resultados: observou-se que as mulheres idosas, em sua maioria, relacionam a sexualidade ao ato sexual e, consequentemente, depende de seu parceiro e percebem o ato como algo exclusivo do casamento e que depende do marido para acontecer. Conclusão: conclui-se que a sexualidade, apesar do conceito ter relação direta com o ato sexual, podem produzir influência em sua autoestima, na dinâmica familiar e busca pela assistência de saúde.

Objective: to reveal the concepts and perceptions of elderly women's sexuality and the impacts on their lives. Method: this is an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study, with eleven interviewees, women between 60 and 80 years of age, users of a Basic Health Unit, located in the northwest of Paraná. Results: it was observed that the majority of elderly women relate sexuality to the sexual act and, consequently, depend on their partner and perceive the act as something exclusive to marriage and that it depends on the husband to happen. Conclusion: It is concluded that sexuality, despite the concept having a direct relationship with the sexual act, can influence self-esteem, family dynamics and the search for health care.

Objetivos: revelar los conceptos y percepciones sobre la sexualidad de las mujeres mayores y los impactos en sus vidas. Método: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio-descriptivo, con once entrevistadas, mujeres entre 60 y 80 años, usuarias de una Unidad Básica de Salud, ubicada en el noroeste de Paraná. Resultados: se observó que la mayoría de las mujeres mayores relacionan la sexualidad con el acto sexual y, en consecuencia, dependen de su pareja y perciben el acto como algo exclusivo del matrimonio y que depende del marido para realizarse. Conclusión: se concluye que la sexualidad, apesar de que el concepto tiene relación directa con el acto sexual, puede influir en la autoestima, la dinámica familiar y la búsqueda de atención de salud.

Research progress on dental materials for preventing root caries / 口腔疾病防治

@#The high incidence and untreated rate of root caries, a common and frequently occurring oral disease with challenging treatment in elderly individuals, is the main cause of tooth loss among elderly people, as rapid development results in pulpitis and periapical periodontitis or residual crown and root, which has been regarded as one of the common chronic oral diseases seriously affecting the quality of life of elderly people. Thus, early intervention and prevention are important. Traditional dental materials for preventing root caries have been widely used in clinical practice; however, they have the disadvantages of tooth coloring, remineralization and low sterilization efficiency. A series of new dental materials for preventing root caries have gradually become a research hotspot recently, which have the advantages of promoting the mineralization of deep dental tissue, prolonging the action time and enhancing adhesion. Future caries prevention materials should be designed according to the characteristics of root surface caries and the application population and should be developed toward simplicity, high efficiency and low toxicity. This review describes current research regarding anti-caries prevention material application, serving as a theoretical underpinning for the research of root caries prevention materials, which is important for both promotion in the effective prevention of root caries and improvement in the status of oral health and the quality of life among old people.

Supra-inguinal fascia iliaca block in older-old patients for hip fractures: a retrospective study

Abstract Background: Pain management in hip fracture patients is of great importance for reducing postoperative morbidity and mortality. Multimodal techniques, including peripheral nerve blocks, are preferred for postoperative analgesia. Older-old hip fracture patients with high ASA scores are highly sensitive to the side effects of NSAIDs and opioids. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of the recently popularized Supra-Inguinal Fascia Iliaca Block (SIFIB) in this population. Methods: Forty-one ASA III-IV patients who underwent SIFIB + PCA (G-SIFIB) or PCA alone (Group Control: GC) after general anesthesia were evaluated retrospectively. In addition to 24-hour opioid consumption, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, opioid-related side effects, block-related complications, and length of hospital stay were compared. Results: Twenty-two patients in G-SIFIB and 19 patients in GC were evaluated. The postoperative 24-hour opioid consumption was lower in G-SIFIB than in GC (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant reduction in VAS scores at the postoperative 1st, 3rd, and 6th hours at rest (p < 0.001) and during movement (p < 0.001 for the 1st and 3rd hours, and p = 0.02 for the 6th hour) in G-SIFIB compared to GC. There was no difference in pain scores at the 12th and 24th hours postoperatively. While there was no difference between the groups in terms of other side effects, respiratory depression was significantly higher in GC than in G-SIFIB (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The SIFIB technique has a significant opioid-sparing effect and thus reduces opioid-related side effects in the first 24 hours after hip fracture surgery in older-old patients.

A propósito del debate actual sobre el envejecimiento en Cuba

El envejecimiento poblacional constituye uno de los logros y uno de los retos más importantes del desarrollo de las sociedades. La principal causa del envejecimiento es el descenso de la fecundidad de las mujeres, y en menor proporción la emigración externa, sobre todo de jóvenes. En Cuba, ya mueren más que los que nacen, debido fundamentalmente a los bajos niveles de reemplazo en la fecundidad, situación agravada en los años de la pandemia de COVID-19. Entre las consecuencias negativas del envejecimiento poblacional, se identifican cuatro principales: sanitarias, económicas, socioculturales y legales; entre las positivas, hay algunos reportes de cohortes de personas que llegan a edades avanzadas en mejor estado físico y mental. Los cambios ocurridos en la institución familiar en muchas sociedades y la discriminación por edad de los mayores, tienen consecuencias graves para la salud, el bienestar y los derechos humanos de los ancianos. Se considera que existe mucha información sobre el "diagnóstico" y el "pronóstico" del envejecimiento poblacional, pero hay menos acerca de acciones eficaces para su "tratamiento", aspecto complejo y difícil de enfrentar. Se exponen algunas propuestas de mitigación de estos inevitables cambios demográficos. El propósito de esta comunicación es comentar determinados aspectos del envejecimiento de la población cubana.

Population aging constitutes one of the achievements and one of the most important challenges in the development of societies. The main cause of aging is the decrease in the fertility of women and to a lesser extent external emigration, especially of young people. In Cuba, more people die than are born, mainly due to low replacement levels in fertility, a situation aggravated in the years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the negative consequences of population aging, four main ones are identified: health, economic, sociocultural and legal; among the positive ones, there are some reports of cohorts of people who reach advanced ages in better physical and mental condition. The changes that have occurred in the family institution in many societies and the age discrimination of the elderly have serious consequences for the health, well-being and human rights of the elderly. It is considered that there is a lot of information about the "diagnosis" and "prognosis" of population aging, but there is less about effective actions for its "treatment", a complex and difficult aspect to face. Some proposals are presented to mitigate these inevitable demographic changes. The purpose of this communication is to comment on certain aspects of the aging of the Cuban population.

La salud y los cuidados: un análisis interseccional de género y vejeces a partir del trabajo realizado en CEPRAM (2022) / Health and care: an intersectional analysis of gender and old age from the work done at CEPRAM (2022)

INTRODUCCION: Nuestra región, y Argentina, se encuentra atravesando un momento de rápido envejecimiento demográfico. Se trata de un proceso contextualizado social e históricamente de representaciones, estereotipos y significados particulares. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo describir y analizar las posibles articulaciones entre la perspectiva de salud integral, redes en salud y los cuidados a y entre personas adultas mayores a partir de la experiencia de trabajo en el CEPRAM (Centro de Promoción del Adulto Mayor) en el que las mujeres ocupan un rol central. MÉTODOS: Investigación cualitativa interaccionista con entrevistas sobre experiencias y significados. RESULTADOS: Refieren mejoras en su autoestima, flexibilidad, apertura y escucha como reconocimiento del otro/a. La cantidad y la calidad de cobertura en servicios de cuidados recae mayoritariamente sobre las familias y especialmente, sobre las mujeres y disidencias, perpetuando la desigualdad de género en la distribución de tareas, las condiciones en que se llega y transita la vejez. Ellas vieron este espacio como uno de cuidados, dando sustento a formas más integrales de entenderlos como eje de la salud. CONCLUSIONES: CEPRAM logró captar y solucionar necesidades ­socioafectivas­ de mujeres mayores, insatisfechas y no atendidas por el Estado. Promueve la autonomía relacional donde la participación y la construcción de redes basadas en los vínculos, fundamentales para su salud integral. Los entornos extrahospitalarios como oportunidad de acercamiento al sistema de salud, deben resolver necesidades de cuidado con perspectiva de envejecimiento saludable, fomentando la habilidad funcional, así como los atributos relacionados con el proceso diferenciado por género y salud que permiten a la persona ser y hacer (AU)

INTRODUCTION: Our region, and Argentina, is going through a period of rapid demographic aging. It is a socially and historically contextualized process of representations, stereotypes and particular meanings. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze the possible articulations between the integral health perspective, health networks and care for and among older adults based on the experience of working in the CEPRAM (Center for the Promotion of Older Adults) in which women play a central role. METHODS: Qualitative interactionist research with interviews on experiences and meanings. RESULTS: They report improvements in their self-esteem, flexibility, openness and listening as recognition of the other. The quantity and quality of coverage in care services falls mostly on families and especially on women and dissidents, perpetuating gender inequality in the distribution of tasks, the conditions in which old age arrives and passes. Women saw this space as one of care, giving support to more comprehensive ways of understanding it as the axis of health. CONCLUSIONS: CEPRAM was able to capture and solve the social and emotional needs of older women, unsatisfied and unmet by the State. It promotes relational autonomy where participation and the construction of networks based on bonds are fundamental for their integral health. The out-of-hospital environments as an opportunity to approach the health system, should solve care needs with a healthy aging perspective, promoting functional ability, as well as the attributes related to the process differentiated by gender and health that allow the person to be and to do (AU)

Carcinoma basocelular diagnosticado por dermatoscopia en consulta de dermatología del Hospital Universitario Miguel Enríquez

Fundamento: el carcinoma basocelular es un tumor maligno muy frecuente en el ser humano. Se considera invasivo de forma local, además de agresivo y destructivo. Objetivo: mostrar el comportamiento de los pacientes con carcinoma basocelular diagnosticados por dermatoscopia en consulta de dermatología del Hospital Universitario Miguel Enríquez, entre junio de 2020 y mayo de 2021. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, para mostrar el comportamiento de los pacientes con carcinoma basocelular que asistieron a la consulta de dermatología del Hospital Universitario Miguel Enríquez en el periodo de junio 2020 a mayo 2021. El universo de estudio se conformó por los pacientes mayores de 18 años que presentaron una o varias lesiones presuntivas de carcinoma basocelular menores de 3 cm de diámetro. Se utilizaron las variables: edad, sexo, fototipo de piel, formas clínicas, patrones dermatoscópicos, topografía de la lesión, ocupación relacionada o no con la exposición solar. Se trabajó con frecuencias absolutas, porcentaje, media, desviación estándar, valores máximos y mínimos, la razón, pruebas de ji-cuadrado y t de student, con significación p≤0,05. Resultados: predominó en ancianos (66,4±14,9 años), en hombres (54,1 %), con fototipo 2 (57,8 %), y en nariz el 33,9 %. La forma nodular fue más frecuente (41,3 %), ocupación expuesta al sol (66,9 %), tamaño promedio de la lesión 1,4 cm. La dermatoscopia mostró predominio de los vasos arborizantes (73,4 %). Por histología se confirmó el 90,8 % de los casos. Conclusiones: predominaron entre los pacientes los ancianos, con fototipo 2. La forma nodular fue más frecuente, el tamaño promedio de la lesión fue de 1,4 cm. La dermatoscopia mostró predominio de los vasos arborizantes. La dermatoscopía resultó ser una herramienta necesaria para el uso sistemático en dermatología.

Foundation: basal cell carcinoma is a very common malignant tumor in humans. It is considered locally invasive, also aggressive and destructive. Objective: to show the behavior of patients with basal cell carcinoma diagnosed by dermoscopy in dermatology clinic of the Miguel Enríquez University Hospital, between June 2020 and May 2021. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out to show the behavior of patients with basal cell carcinoma who attended the dermatology consultation at the Miguel Enríquez University Hospital from June 2020 to May 2021. The universe of study was made up of patients older than 18 years who presented one or more presumptive lesions of basal cell carcinoma less than 3 cm in diameter. The variables used were: age, sex, skin phototype, clinical forms, dermoscopic patterns, topography of the lesion, occupation related or not to sun exposure. We worked with absolute frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values, the ratio, chi-square and student's t tests, with significance p≤0.05. Results: it prevailed in the elderly (66.4±14.9 years), in men (54.1 %), with phototype 2 (57.8 %), and in the nose 33.9 %. The nodular form was more frequent (41.3 %), occupation exposed to the sun (66.9 %), average size of the lesion 1.4 cm. Dermoscopy showed a predominance of arborizing vessels (73.4 %). By histology, 90.8 % of the cases were confirmed. Conclusions: the elderly prevailed among the patients, with phototype 2. The nodular form was more frequent, the average size of the lesion was 1.4 cm. Dermoscopy showed a predominance of arborizing vessels. Dermoscopy turned out to be a necessary tool for systematic use in dermatology.

Avaliação das Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos no Brasil: um panorama das desigualdades regionais / Evaluation of Long-Term Institutions for Older People in Brazil: an overview of regional inequalities

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar as Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) brasileiras, segundo o Modelo Teórico Multidimensional Integrado de Qualidade e Atendimento (MIQA), e comparar o desempenho alcançado entre as regiões do país. Estudo ecológico descritivo realizado com dados secundários públicos das ILPI participantes do Censo do Sistema Único da Assistência Social de 2018. Uma Matriz de Avaliação foi construída a partir das variáveis do Censo e do Modelo Teórico MIQA. Parâmetros de qualidade foram empregados para classificar o desempenho das instituições para cada indicador em "incipiente", "em desenvolvimento" ou "desejável. O índice de disparidade foi obtido para cada indicador. Foram analisadas 1.665 instituições. Observaram-se diferenças nos percentuais de ILPI com desempenho "desejável" entre as regiões brasileiras, e a necessidade de aprimoramento na maioria das ILPI em relação à proporção de cuidadores de pessoas idosas, a composição da equipe multiprofissional, a acessibilidade e a oferta de ações de promoção de saúde. Verificou-se a necessidade de apoio governamental para a supressão dos critérios de diferenciações excludentes e para a expansão dos serviços para superar as superlotações.

Abstract This article aims to evaluate the Brazilian Long-Term Institutions for Older People (LTIE), according to the Integrated Multidimensional Theoretical Model of Quality and Service (MIQA), and compare the performance achieved between the regions of the country. Descriptive ecological study carried out with public secondary data from the LTIE participating in the 2018 Census of the Unified Social Assistance System. An Evaluation Matrix was constructed from the Census variables and the MIQA Theoretical Model. Quality parameters were used to classify the institutions' performance for each indicator as "incipient", "developing" or "desirable". The disparity index was obtained for each indicator. 1,665 institutions were analyzed. Differences were observed in the percentages of LTIE with "desirable" performance between Brazilian regions, and the need for improvement in most LTIE in relation to the proportion of caregivers of older people, the composition of the multidisciplinary team, accessibility and supply of health promotion actions. There was a need for government support for the suppression of exclusionary differentiation criteria and for the expansion of services to overcome overcrowding.

Correlation of Body Mass Index and age with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in elderly of Guwahati City, Assam

Introduction: Obesity is on rise globally and may have a impact on cognition. Very limited research was done on the association of weight with neurocognition among the elderly. The study purpose was to determine the correlation between BMI and age with MCI and after stratifying for BMI and socio-demographic characteristics.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 576 elderly (≥60 years) in Guwahati city using a multi-stage sampling technique. Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination (HMMSE) tool was used for screening for dementia and MCI. Results: HMMSE scores were not significantly correlated with BMI (r =0.07). However, when strati-fied, a significantly negative correlation of BMI with HMMSE scores was seen for illiterates (r =-0.21), primary school education (r =-0.48) and unskilled workers (r =-0.49). There was a significant negative correlation between age and cognition for elderly belonging to OBC, (r =-0.21), Lower middle (III), (r =-0.39), Upper Lower (r =-0.17), Lower (V), (r =-0.26), Graduate, Post Graduate,(r = -0.23), Middle School, (r =-0.36), Illiterate, (r =-0.34), Clerical, (r =-0.60), Semi Professional, (r =-0.62), skilled worker (r=-0.68), Unemployed, (r =-0.15) and Obese, (r =-0.30). Conclusion: Various factors like age, category, socioeconomic status, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were found to be predictors of cognition among the elderly.

Representação de professoras em Mário de Andrade: Loucura e velhice / Representation of female teachers in Mário de Andrade: Madness and old age

O presente artigo busca analisar as representações de professoras presentes no conto "Atrás da Catedral de Ruão" (1947) e no romance Amar, verbo intransitivo (1944), ambos de Mário de Andrade, com ênfase nas questões insertas sobre a noção de velhice e loucura. São textos escritos sob a égide do Modernismo e que tematizaram as respectivas práticas pedagógicas, mas ressaltam também as angústias de mulheres trabalhadoras e itinerantes, que são malvistas por exercerem funções de natureza pública em espaços privados. Se por um lado era emblemático o fato de ser mulher, por outro, eram ainda mais acentuados os destaques feitos pelo escritor, pois a idade estava à mostra e a loucura era vista como condição inata de um gênero supostamente inferior. A literatura no presente estudo significou importante artefato cultural, também serviu como peculiar fonte para interpretação pelos historiadores do presente, de modo que o método aqui utilizado foi aquele sintetizado na noção de operação historiográfica preconizada por Michel de Certeau (1975/2020).

This paper analyzes the representations of female teachers in the short story "Behind Ruão's Cathedral" (1947) and in the novel "To Love, intransitive verb" (1944), both by Mário de Andrade, with emphasis on the questions about the notion of old age and madness. These texts were written under the aegis of Modernism, and they thematize the respective pedagogical practices, but also highlight the anguish of working and itinerant women, who are disliked for performing public functions in private spaces. If on the one hand it was emblematic that she was a woman, on the other, the writer's highlights were even more pronounced, for age was on display and madness was seen as an innate condition of a supposedly inferior gender. Literature in the present study meant an important cultural artifact, and also served as a peculiar source for interpretation by historians of the present, so that the method used here was that synthesized in the notion of historiographical operation advocated by Michel de Certeau (1975/2020).

Projetos de extensão universitária e experiências de lazer para pessoas idosas nas universidades públicas brasileiras: um panorama atual / Leisure practices for the elderly in brazilian public universities: a current panorama

O objetivo foi investigar as experiências de lazer ofertadas às pessoas idosas nos projetos e programas existentes nas universidades públicas brasileiras. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva. O universo do estudo foi composto por 113 universidades públicas brasileiras, os dados foram coletados por meio de instrumento online com uma amostra de 54 coordenadores. Os programas e projetos ofertam atividades de lazer de acordo com as condições de espaço, material e pessoal. Nem todas as regiões possuem programas bem estruturados. Há carência de recursos, materiais em boa parte deles; faltam estruturas construídas e locais para a realização das atividades. A oferta de atividades de lazer para pessoas idosas nas universidades públicas brasileiras ainda é um campo em expansão. A maior parte dos programas surge por meio da extensão universitária e tem sido ela, uma das mantenedoras da continuidade dos mesmos.

The objective was to investigate the experienses of leisure practices offered to the elderly in existing projects and programs in Brazilian public universities. An exploratory and descriptive research was carried out. The study universe consisted of 113 Brazilian public universities, data were collected through an online instrument with a sample of 54 coordinators. The programs and projects offer leisure activities according to the conditions of space, material and personnel. Not all regions have wellstructured programs. There is a lack of resources, materials in most of them; there is a lack of built structures and places to carry out activities. The provision of leisure activities for the elderly in Brazilian public universities is still an expanding field. Most of the programs arise through university extension and it has been one of the maintainers of their continuity.

Oclusión intestinal por policitemia vera en una anciana / Intestinal occlusion due to polycythemia vera in an old woman

Se describe el caso clínico de una paciente de 67 años de edad con varias comorbilidades, entre ellas la policitemia vera, quien acudió al Cuerpo de Guardia del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Universitario Dr. Ambrosio Grillo Portuondo de Santiago de Cuba por presentar síntomas y signos de un síndrome de abdomen agudo oclusivo. Se indicó intervención quirúrgica de urgencia, que permitió confirmar el diagnóstico presuntivo de afección vascular mesentérica de tipo trombótica. La inmediatez del tratamiento quirúrgico, la reversibilidad del daño vascular sin necesidad de procedimiento de resección intestinal y la administración efectiva de anticoagulantes permitieron una evolución favorable y sin complicaciones.

The case report of a 67 years patient with several comorbidities is described, among them polycythemia vera, who went to the emergency room of Ambrosio Grillo Portuondo University Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba due to symptoms and signs of a syndrome of occlusive acute abdomen. An emergency surgical intervention was indicated, that confirmed the presumptive diagnosis of mesenteric vascular thrombosis. The immediacy of the surgical treatment, the reversibility of the vascular damage without necessity of intestinal resection procedure and the effective use of anticoagulants allowed a favorable clinical course without complications.

Repercussões físicas, emocionais e sociais produzidas pelo HIV/AIDS na vida dos idosos / Physical, emotional and social repercussions caused by HIV/AIDS in the lives of the elderly: thematic oral history perspectives

Introdução: os dados epidemiológicos mostram um aumento da população idosa vivendo com HIV/AIDS no Brasil. Esta doença impacta de diferentes formas a vida da pessoa constituindo um desafio para os serviços de saúde. Objetivo: verificar as alterações físicas, emocionais e sociais produzidas pelo HIV/AIDS na vida de idosos. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo com método história oral temática. Realizado no Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) em HIV/AIDS de uma cidade do Oeste Catarinense com a inclusão de três idosos, duas mulheres e um homem, com média de idade de 66 anos e diagnóstico do HIV/AIDS há mais de cinco anos. Foram realizados cinco encontros, dois de observação no domicílio e três para realização da entrevista em profundidade com validação de todas as etapas. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo temática. A pesquisa foi aprovada no comitê de ética. Resultados e discussão: os idosos apresentaram sintomas físicos decorrentes da imunossupressão sendo o principal deles o emagrecimento, que se constituiu como um sinal de alerta para o diagnóstico do HIV/AIDS. As repercussões emocionais foram o medo e a angústia, mais presentes no momento do diagnóstico e início dos tratamentos. As repercussões sociais estiveram atreladas ao isolamento social, saída de grupos e perda do papel no trabalho. Considerações finais: o HIV/AIDS repercute na vida dos idosos e produz diferentes alterações, quer sejam físicas, emocionais e/ou sociais. Nessa direção, incluir essas demandas no planejamento de ações para esse grupo populacional tornará a assistência à saúde mais resolutiva.(AU)

Introduction: epidemiological data show an increase in the elderly population living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil. This disease affects people's lives in different ways and constitutes a challenge for health services. Objective: To verify the physical, emotional, and social repercussions caused by HIV/AIDS in the lives of the elderly. Methodology: a qualitative study which used thematic oral history as a method. The research was carried out at the Specialized Care Service (SAE) on HIV/AIDS in a city in western Santa Catarina, which included three elderly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS for more than five years. Two meet-ings were held for approximation and three moments of in-depth interviews with validation in all stages. Data analysis had performed through thematic content analysis, according to Minayo (2014). Results and discussion: The elderly presented physical symptoms resulting from immunosuppression, the main one being weight loss, which constitutes a warning sign for the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. The emotional repercussions were the fear and anguish most present at the time of diagnosis and the beginning of treatments. The social repercussions were linked to social isolation, leaving groups, and losing the social role of work, being partially reintroduced. Final considerations: HIV/AIDS affects the lives of the elderly, producing different changes, whether physical, emotional, and social, and health services and an interprofessional team need to ensure a broader view of this whole context to qualify assistance.(AU)

Terceira idade e potência de vida: internação e (re)existência numa instituição de longa permanência / The elder's and the potency of life: hospitalization and existence in a long-term institution

Este relato resulta do estágio de Psicologia requerido aos alunos do Curso de Psicologia Clínica de uma faculdade angolana, realizado dentro de um lar da terceira idade, com vista a contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos idosos institucionalizados. Nele discutimos, a partir do relato de um estágio, a produção de estratégias de resistência dentro de uma instituição de longa permanência angolana. Nesta, a capacidade de resistir transforma-se num mecanismo de preservação acionado pelo próprio sujeito, que ao se enxergar diante de uma situação que o ameaça, reage como pode, resistindo e reexistindo, por meio de estratégias que permitem a afirmação da potência de vida da pessoa institucionalizada, preservando-a física, psicológica e fundamentalmente.(AU)

This article is the result of a Psychology internship required for students of the Clinical Psychology of an Angolan university, held in a nursing home, to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of institutionalized elderly. Based on the report of an internship, we discuss resistance strategies within a long-term Angolan institution, where the capacity to resist becomes a preservation mechanism, triggered by the subject, who is faced with a situation that threatens him. He reacts as he can by resisting and preexisting, through strategies that allow the affirmation of the institutionalized person's life power, preserving him physically and fundamentally psychologically.(AU)

Incidence of coexistence of multiple diseases in patients over 65 years of age and its impact on the risk of death in hospital / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the incidence of multiple disease coexistence in emergency department patients over 65 years old and its impact on the risk of death in hospital, so as to provide theoretical basis for reducing the risk of death in emergency department patients over 65 years old. Methods From January 2019 to January 2020, elderly patients over 65 years old who received emergency treatment in our hospital were selected as subjects to analyze the coexistence of multiple diseases. The information of current disease, blood pressure, blood glucose level and other potential influencing factors, as well as the incidence of hospitalization after emergency treatment were collected, and the factors influencing the risk of death in hospital were analyzed and discussed. Results During the study period, there were 1 195 patients over 65 years old, including 469 patients with multi-disease coexistence (excluding malignant tumors), with an incidence rate of 39.25%. Among the elderly patients in the emergency department, the top four diseases with multiple coexisting diseases are as follows: ischemic stroke (43.92%), acute myocardial infarction (24.95%), hemorrhagic stroke (16.84%), and falls (11.30%). In addition, “ischemic stroke + hypertension + diabetes + coronary heart disease” accounted for the highest proportion (42.22%) in the combination of multi-disease coexisting diseases, followed by "myocardial infarction + ischemic stroke + hypertension + Diabetes + coronary heart disease” (21.11%), and the third in the composition ratio was “fall + ischemic stroke + hypertension + diabetes + coronary heart disease” (0.66%). Among the 469 patients with multi-disease coexistence, a total of 68 died during hospitalization after emergency department; 469 patients were divided into two groups: the dead and the survivors, and the potential factors affecting the risk of death were analyzed. The multivariate regression analysis showed that male (OR=1.485 , P<0.001), age over 80 years (OR=3.090, P<0.05), more than four types of comorbidities (OR=4.407, P<0.001), BMI level showed weight loss (OR=4.366, P<0.001) and Comorbidities included hypertension (OR=3.564, P<0.001) as a potential risk factor, which would increase the risk of death; while normal blood pressure (OR=0.581, P<0.001) might potentially reduce the risk of death. Conclusion Special attention should be paid to the elderly patients over 65 years old who are male, over 80 years old, thin and with many types of comorbidities (more than four types), especially those with hypertension at the same time, in order to reduce hospitalization after emergency department risk of death during the period.

Principal component analysis of dental caries related factors among 3- to 5-year-old children in Urumqi City / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To explore dental caries-related factors among children aged 3-5 years in Urumqi City and to provide evidence for the etiological study and primary prevention of caries among local children. @*Methods @# A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select children aged 3-5 years in Urumqi City for oral examination, physical examination and questionnaire survey. Data were collected and analyzed by principal component logistic regression using SPSS 23.0 software.@*Results@#Principal component analysis showed that there were seven risk factors whose characteristic root value was greater than 1: oral hygiene habits, family education level, sugar intake, bedtime eating habits, age, gestational age, feeding mode, and cumulative contribution were 66.486% of the total variance. Principal component logistic regression analysis indicated that five factors, namely, oral hygiene habits (OR = 0.795, P = 0.044), family education level (OR = 0.667, P = 0.019), sugar intake (OR = 1.260, P = 0.006), bedtime eating habits (OR = 5.432, P<0.001) and age (OR = 0.676, P = 0.015), were closely related to early childhood caries, and they were statistically significant (P<0.05). @*Conclusion@#According to the principal component analysis, oral hygiene habits factor, family education level factor, sugar intake factor, bedtime eating habits factor and age factor were dental caries related factors among 3- to 5-year-old children in Urumqi City.

Preoperative standing to prone spinal-pelvic sagittal parameter changes in old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes in spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters from preoperative standing to prone position in old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 36 patients admitted between December 2016 and June 2021 for surgical treatment of old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis, including 7 males and 29 females, aged from 50 to 79 years (mean, 63.9 years), were retrospectively analyzed. Lesion segments included 2 cases of T 11, 12 cases of T 12, 2 cases of T 11, 12, 4 cases of T 12 and L 1, 12 cases of L 1, 2 cases of L 2, 1 case of L 2, 3, and 1 case of L 3. The disease duration ranged from 4 to 120 months, with an average of 19.6 months. Surgical procedures included Smith-Petersen osteotomy in 4 cases, Ponte osteotomy in 6 cases, pedicle subtraction osteotomy in 2 cases, and improved fourth level osteotomy in 18 cases; the remaining 6 cases were not osteotomized. The bone mineral density ranged from -3.0 to 0.5 T, with a mean of -1.62 T. The spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters from preoperative standing to prone positions were measured, including local kyphosis Cobb angle (LKCA), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and PI and LL mismatch (PI-LL). The kyphotic flexibility=(preoperative standing LKCA-preoperative prone LKCA)/preoperative standing LKCA×100%. Spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters were compared between standing position and prone position before operation, and Pearson correlation was used to judge the correlation between the parameters of standing position and prone position before operation.@*RESULTS@#When the position changed from standing to prone, LKCA and TK decreased significantly ( P<0.05), while SS, LL, PT, and PI-LL had no significant difference ( P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that LL was significantly correlated with SS and PI-LL in both standing and prone positions ( P<0.05), and the correlation strength between LL and SS in prone position was higher than that in standing position. In the standing position, LKCA was significantly correlated with SS and PT ( P<0.05). However, when the position changed from standing to prone, the correlation between LKCA and SS and PT disappeared, while PT and PI-LL was positive correlation ( P<0.05). The kyphotic flexibility was 25.13%-78.79%, with an average of 33.85%.@*CONCLUSION@#For the patients of old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis, the preoperative LKCA and TK decrease significantly from standing position to prone position, and the correlation between spinal and pelvic parameters also changed, which should be taken into account in the formulation of preoperative surgical plan.

Back-forward bending CT in simulated surgical position to evaluate the remaining real angle and flexibility of thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to old osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To introduce a scout view scanning technique of back-forward bending CT (BFB-CT) in simulated surgical position for evaluating the remaining real angle and flexibility of thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to old osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.@*METHODS@#A total of 28 patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to old osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture who met the selection criteria between June 2018 and December 2021 were included in the study. There were 6 males and 22 females with an average age of 69.5 years (range, 56-92 years). The injured vertebra were located at T 10-L 2, including 11 cases of single thoracic fracture, 11 cases of single lumbar fracture, and 6 cases of multiple thoracolumbar fractures. The disease duration ranged from 3 weeks to 36 months, with a median of 5 months. All patients received examinations of BFB-CT and standing lateral full-spine X-ray (SLFSX). The thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), local kyphosis of injured vertebra (LKIV), lumbar lordosis (LL), and the sagittal vertical axis (SVA) were measured. Referring to the calculation method of scoliosis flexibility, the kyphosis flexibility of thoracic, thoracolumbar, and injured vertebra were calculated respectively. The sagittal parameters measured by the two methods were compared, and the correlation of the parameters measured by the two methods was analyzed by Pearson correlation.@*RESULTS@#Except LL ( P>0.05), TK, TLK, LKIV, and SVA measured by BFB-CT were significantly lower than those measured by SLFSX ( P<0.05). The flexibilities of thoracic, thoracolumbar, and injured vertebra were 34.1%±18.8%, 36.2%±13.8%, and 39.3%±18.6%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the sagittal parameters measured by the two methods were positively correlated ( P<0.001), and the correlation coefficients of TK, TLK, LKIV, and SVA were 0.900, 0.730, 0.700, and 0.680, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to old osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture shows an excellent flexibility and BFB-CT in simulated surgical position can obtain the remaining real angle which need to be corrected surgically.

Application of absorbable anchor combined with Kirschner wire in reconstruction of extension function of old mallet finger / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of absorbable anchor combined with Kirschner wire fixation in the reconstruction of extension function of old mallet finger.@*METHODS@#Between January 2020 and January 2022, 23 cases of old mallet fingers were treated. There were 17 males and 6 females with an average age of 42 years (range, 18-70 years). The cause of injury included sports impact injury in 12 cases, sprain in 9 cases, and previous cut injury in 2 cases. The affected finger included index finger in 4 cases, middle finger in 5 cases, ring finger in 9 cases, and little finger in 5 cases. There were 18 patients of tendinous mallet fingers (Doyle type Ⅰ), 5 patients were only small bone fragments avulsion (Wehbe type ⅠA). The time from injury to operation was 45-120 days, with an average of 67 days. The patients were treated with Kirschner wire to fix the distal interphalangeal joint in a mild back extension position after joint release. The insertion of extensor tendon was reconstructed and fixed with absorbable anchors. After 6 weeks, the Kirschner wire was removed, and the patients started joint flexion and extension training.@*RESULTS@#The postoperative follow-up ranged from 4 to 24 months (mean, 9 months). The wounds healed by first intention without complications such as skin necrosis, wound infection, and nail deformity. The distal interphalangeal joint was not stiff, the joint space was good, and there was no complication such as pain and osteoarthritis. At last follow-up, according to Crawford function evaluation standard, 12 cases were excellent, 9 cases were good, 2 cases were fair, and the good and excellent rate was 91.3%.@*CONCLUSION@#Absorbable anchor combined with Kirschner wire fixation can be used to reconstruct the extension function of old mallet finger, which has the advantages of simple operation and less complications.